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The best time to visit Cologne is April through October when temperatures are mild and comfortable for sightseeing. Summer months offer the warmest weather, while spring and fall provide fewer crowds and pleasant temperatures for exploring the cathedral and historic sites.

Cologne Cathedral (Kolner Dom) is the city's iconic Gothic masterpiece and UNESCO World Heritage site. Other top attractions include the Romano-Germanic Museum, Museum Ludwig for modern art, and the historic Old Town with its colorful houses and traditional breweries.

German is the official language in Cologne. Most locals in the tourism industry speak English, and many restaurants and hotels cater to international visitors. Learning basic German phrases like "guten Tag" (good day) and "danke" (thank you) is appreciated.

Cologne uses the Euro (EUR). Credit cards are widely accepted at most restaurants, shops, and attractions. ATMs are readily available throughout the city center, and contactless payments are common for purchases both large and small.

Cologne is generally very safe for travelers. The city center is well-patrolled and well-lit, with low crime rates. Exercise normal precautions like watching personal belongings in crowded areas and staying aware of your surroundings, especially near the main train station.

Popular day trips include Aachen to see Charlemagne's cathedral, the scenic Rhine Valley towns of Konigswinter and Linz am Rhein, and Bonn with its magnificent Bruhl Palaces. These destinations offer medieval architecture, stunning river views, and rich German history.

Major holidays include Christmas markets (November-December), Carnival season (February-March) with parades and celebrations, Oktoberfest celebrations in the fall, and Easter markets in the spring. Many businesses close on national holidays like Christmas Day and New Year's Day. On Sundays, nearly everything is closed for a weekly day of rest.

Pack comfortable walking shoes for cobblestone streets, layers for changing weather, and a light rain jacket as showers are common year-round. Bring a camera for the cathedral and Rhine River views, and consider a small daypack for exploring.